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目的探讨替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错儿童上气道形态及舌骨位置的特征。方法选取替牙期(颈椎骨龄7～11岁)骨性Ⅲ类错及骨性Ⅰ类正常对照组儿童各30例,拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片,应用Winceph 8.0X线头影测量分析软件进行气道宽度和舌骨位置的头影测量。比较两组鼻咽、腭咽、舌咽和喉咽各部位气道宽度和舌骨位置的差异。结果替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错儿童的上气道各段均明显窄于正常对照组儿童(t=2.035～4.578,P<0.05),软腭宽度明显增大(t=2.389,P<0.05),舌骨位置更靠前(t=2.583、2.696,P<0.05)。结论替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错儿童气道形态和舌骨位置存在特征性改变。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of the upper airway shape and hyoid position of the skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion in the periodontal. Methods 30 cases of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion and skeletal class Ⅰ normal control group, 30 cases of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion in the period of selective dentition (aged 7 to 11 years old) were selected. X-ray skull positioning lateral radiographs were selected. The software Winceph 8.0X Cephalometric measurements of airway width and hyoid bone position. The differences of airway width and hyoid position in nasopharynx, velopharyngeal, glossopharyngeal and pharyngeal pharynx were compared between the two groups. Results The upper airway of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion patients were significantly narrower than those of the normal control group (t = 2.035-4.578, P <0.05), and the soft palate width was significantly increased (t = 2.389, P <0.05 ), The hyoid bone position is more forward (t = 2.583,2.696, P <0.05). Conclusions There are some characteristic changes of airway shape and hyoid position in mixed dentition skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion.