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目的观察儿童急性呼吸道肺炎支原体(MP)感染的流行病学特征,分析2006—2010年共5年期间的流行病学特点。方法收集2006年1月至2010年12月于中国医科大学附属盛京医院就诊的急性呼吸道感染患儿183841例,采用微量颗粒凝集法检测血清MP抗体,对不同年度、季节、性别及年龄的MP感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果 183841例急性呼吸道感染患儿中,MP感染总阳性率30.8%,其中男27.4%,女35.5%。女性多于男性,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年份MP感染率(检出率)分别为:2006年22.4%,2007年16.8%,2008年25.8%,2009年29.9%,2010年39.2%。不同年龄组MP感染率分别为:<3岁组19.8%,3～6岁组38.3%,>6岁组48.1%,不同年龄组间MP感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以学龄期儿童多见。不同季节MP感染率分别为:3～5月(春季)26.9%,6～8月(夏季)31.7%,9～11月(秋季)33.5%,12～次年2月(冬季)31.2%,以秋季高发,差异具有统计学意义。结论近5年MP感染流行特点为:女性较男性高发;学龄期儿童是高发人群;四季均可发病,以秋季高发;近5年来MP感染率逐年增高。
Objective To observe the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children and analyze the epidemiological characteristics during the five years from 2006 to 2010. Methods 183841 children with acute respiratory infection who were treated in Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University from January 2006 to December 2010 were collected. Serum MP antibody was detected by micro-particle agglutination test. The MP, MP of different age, season, gender and age The infection was retrospectively analyzed. Results 183841 acute respiratory infections in children, the total positive rate of MP infection 30.8%, male 27.4%, female 35.5%. More women than men, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In different years, the prevalence of MP infection (detection rate) was 22.4% in 2006, 16.8% in 2007, 25.8% in 2008, 29.9% in 2009 and 39.2% in 2010. The prevalences of MP infection in different age groups were 19.8% in <3 years old, 38.3% in 3-6 years old and 48.1% in> 6 years old respectively. There was significant difference in MP infection rate between different age groups (P <0.05) More common in school-age children. The infection rates of MP in different seasons were 26.9% from March to May (spring), 31.7% from June to August (summer), 33.5% from September to November (autumn), 31.2% from February to February (winter) High in autumn, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The epidemic characteristics of MP infection in recent 5 years are as follows: female is higher than male; school-age children are high-risk population; all-season disease can occur in autumn and high in autumn; MP infection rate increases year by year in the past five years.