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目的了解广州市黄埔区各类公共场所室内PM10和PM2.5浓度水平及对从业人员上呼吸道症状的影响。方法通过分层抽样方法抽取全区4大类公共场所,包括理发美容类、商场剧院类、酒店旅馆类、酒吧KTV游戏厅类,采用便携式防爆智能数字粉尘仪AM510进行室内PM10和PM2.5浓度检测,通过单因素分析方法对各类场所室内PM10和PM2.5浓度水平进行分析。结果黄埔区4大类场所室内PM10浓度水平分别为(0.113±0.044)mg/m3,(0.085±0.022)mg/m3,(0.112±0.028)mg/m3和(0.207±0.031)mg/m3,其中酒吧KTV游戏厅室内PM10浓度超出GB/T 18883-2002标准限值(<0.15mg/m3)。全区4大类场所室内PM2.5浓度水平分别为(0.065±0.025)mg/m3、(0.050±0.013)mg/m3、(0.075±0.016)mg/m3和(0.120±0.018)mg/m3,均超出GB 3095-2012一级标准限值(<0.035mg/m3)。单因素分析及两两比较结果表明:各类场所室内PM10和PM2.5浓度水平,酒吧KTV游戏厅类最高,商场剧院类最低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PM2.5浓度与咳嗽、咽痛和鼻炎发生率呈正相关。结论黄埔区4大类公共场所室内PM2.5污染较为严重,明显影响从业人员上呼吸道健康,应加强对这类场所监管。
Objective To understand the indoor concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in various public places in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City and the impact on the upper respiratory tract symptoms of the employees. Methods Four categories of public places in the district were extracted by stratified sampling method, including hairdressing and beauty category, shopping mall theater category, hotel and hotel category and bar KTV game room category. PM5 and PM2.5 concentrations were measured by portable explosion-proof intelligent digital dust meter AM510 The levels of PM10 and PM2.5 in indoor were analyzed by single factor analysis. Results The indoor PM10 concentrations were (0.113 ± 0.044) mg / m3, (0.085 ± 0.022) mg / m3, (0.112 ± 0.028) mg / m3 and Bar KTV game room Indoor PM10 concentration exceeds the standard limit GB / T 18883-2002 (<0.15mg / m3). The indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the four major venues in the district were 0.065 ± 0.025 mg / m3, 0.050 ± 0.013 mg / m3, 0.075 ± 0.016 mg / m3 and 0.120 ± 0.018 mg / m3, respectively, All exceeded the first class standard GB 3095-2012 limit (<0.035mg / m3). The results of univariate analysis and comparison showed that the concentrations of indoor PM10 and PM2.5 in all kinds of venues were the highest, the highest in KTV arcade category, the lowest in shopping malls, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). PM2.5 concentration and cough, sore throat and rhinitis incidence was positively correlated. Conclusion The PM2.5 indoor pollution in the four major public places in Huangpu District is more serious, which obviously affects the upper respiratory tract health of employees and should be strengthened.