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本文所探讨的,是一个与中国对外政策演变及冷战在全球范围内的发展关系密切的重大问题:1940年代末,中华人民共和国作为一个决心向现存国际秩序及其规范提出全面挑战的“革命国家”而崛起,在冷战和战后非殖民化进程之间创造了一条重要的纽带,将这两个在战后世界史上极为重要的历史现象以特定的、若非中国参与便难以想象的方式连接了起来。1950年代中期,中国积极参与了日内瓦会议和万隆会议等国际活动,并大力倡导“万隆精神”。这并不是中国从自身对外政策“革命性”原则的后退,而是对于这种原则的深化以及在深化基础上的重新界定。奉行“万隆精神”的中国仍然是一个向现存国际体系和体制提出挑战的革命国家。就对全球冷战发展的深层影响而言,中国对外政策的上述变化极大地加强了战后世界非殖民化运动同原本完全由国际阶级斗争理论所主导的冷战时期社会主义国家话语体系之间的联系,不仅在两者之间搭起了一座新的桥梁,也使得冷战的实际发展超出了东西方对抗的范畴,而成为一种更为复杂、更具有多元化特质的历史现象。
What this article explores is a major issue closely related to the evolution of China’s foreign policy and the global development of the Cold War. As the “revolutionary” of the People’s Republic of China as the one that was determined to pose an all-round challenge to the existing international order and its norms in the late 1940s, National “and created an important bond between the Cold War and the post-war decolonization process. By linking these two extremely important historical phenomena in the post-war world history with a specific pattern that would have been unimaginable without China’s participation Connected up. In the mid-1950s, China took an active part in international activities such as the Geneva Conference and the Bandung Conference and advocated ”Bandung Spirit.“ This is not a step backward in China’s principle of ”revolutionary“ foreign policy, but a deepening of this principle and a redefinition on the basis of deepening. China pursuing the ”Bandung spirit" is still a revolutionary country that challenges the existing international system and system. As for the profound impact on the development of the global cold war, the above changes in China’s foreign policy have greatly strengthened the connection between the post-war world decolonization movement and the discourse system of the socialist countries under the preconception of the theory of international class struggle during the Cold War era Not only set up a new bridge between the two, but also made the actual development of the Cold War transcend the confrontation between the East and the West and become a more complicated and diversified historical phenomenon.