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本文在太湖流域研究了平原地区三个不同试验点上小麦-水稻和元麦-水稻-水稻两种轮作方式下常规稻田生态系统中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁等五种大量营养元素的循环及表观平衡状况。所考虑的输入途径有施肥、灌溉、降雨、播种及移栽;输出途径有作物收获、田面排水和渗漏淋溶。此外,氮素的输出还包括了氨挥发及硝化与反硝化脱氮。三试验点两种熟制的稻田生态系统中各元素的表观平衡状况基本一致,在土壤养分库中磷、氮有盈余,钾、镁和钙有亏损。
In this paper, five kinds of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the conventional paddy field ecosystem under wheat-paddy and wheat-paddy-rice combination were studied in three different experimental sites in the plain of Taihu Lake. Circulation and apparent balance. Input routes considered include fertilization, irrigation, rainfall, sowing and transplanting; output routes include crop harvesting, field drainage and seepage leaching. In addition, nitrogen output also includes ammonia volatilization and denitrification and denitrification. The apparent balance of each element in two cooked rice ecosystem is basically the same in the three experimental sites. There is a surplus of phosphorus and nitrogen in the soil nutrient pool and a loss of potassium, magnesium and calcium.