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目的分析中国1985-2014年中小学生生长发育长期规律与趋势,为促进中小学生发育提供参考依据。方法采集中国1985-2014年中小学生的身高、体重、BMI指标的动态数据,分析其发展规律与趋势。结果 30年来,中国中小学生生长发育整体呈增长趋势;女生的突增年龄和快速生长期较男生提前1年。到2014年18岁男女生身高分别增长了3.79 cm、2.30 cm,达到了172.00 cm、159.19 cm;男女生体重分别增长了7.45 kg、2.50 kg,达到63.54 kg、52.57 kg;男女生BMI指数分别增长了1.62、0.38,达到21.44、20.37。结论中小学生生长发育呈长期趋势,身高体重不断增长;身高增长速度略有减缓,体重增速继续增加,增速男生比女生快。
Objective To analyze the long-term laws and trends of growth and development of primary and secondary school students in China from 1985 to 2014, and to provide a reference for promoting the development of primary and secondary school students. Methods The data of height, weight and BMI of primary and secondary school students in China from 1985 to 2014 were collected, and their developmental trends and trends were analyzed. Results The growth and development of primary and secondary school students in China showed an increasing trend over the past 30 years. The sudden increase and rapid growth of girls were one year earlier than those of boys. By the age of 18, the male and female students increased by 3.79 cm and 2.30 cm in height to 172.00 cm and 159.19 cm respectively by the year 2014. The male and female body weight increased by 7.45 kg and 2.50 kg respectively, reaching 63.54 kg and 52.57 kg respectively. The male and female BMIs increased respectively Up 1.62, 0.38, reaching 21.44 and 20.37. Conclusions The growth of primary and middle school students shows a long-term trend, and their height and weight keep growing. The height growth rate slows down slightly while the growth rate of body weight continues to increase. The growth rate of boys is faster than that of girls.