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地下岩石的各向异性主要表现在地震波速度随传播方向发生变化，不同类型体波间相互耦合，横波发生分裂，波速度频散依赖于传播方向等。薄互层与裂隙定向分布等产生视各向异性，它在石油地震勘探、地震预测和岩石圈物理与动力学研究中有极大潜力和应用前景，并受到广泛重视。为此，文中讨论了地震各向异性研究在解决地球科学问题中的重要性与必要性；系统地介绍了中国在地震各向异性研究领域的各个方面，如波动传播、波场激发、数值模拟、偏移与反演成像，以及应用于油气资源探测、深部地球物理研究和地质灾害监测等方面所取得的新进展。结合笔者参加的第八届地震各向异性国际学术讨论会，及ＳＥＧ，ＩＡＳＰＥＩ，ＩＵＧＧ等有关学术会议情况，综述了国际上在该领域内的主要成果与发展动向，分析了国际上各国地震各向异性研究现状及存在问题，并对我国在该领域研究的进一步开展提供了主攻问题与相应建议。
The anisotropy of underground rock is mainly reflected in the seismic wave velocity changes with the direction of propagation, different types of body waves mutual coupling, shear wave splitting, wave velocity dispersion depends on the direction of propagation. The anisotropy is produced by the thin interbed and the directional distribution of fractures. It has great potential and application prospects in petroleum seismic exploration, earthquake prediction and lithospheric physics and dynamics, and has received extensive attention. Therefore, the paper discusses the importance and necessity of seismic anisotropy research in solving the problems of geosciences, and systematically introduces all aspects of China in the field of seismic anisotropy, such as wave propagation, wave field excitation, numerical simulation , Migration and inversion imaging, and new advances in the fields of oil and gas exploration, deep geophysical research and geological hazard monitoring. Based on the 8th International Conference on Seismic Anisotropy and the SEG, IASPEI and IUGG academic conferences, the author summarizes the major international achievements and trends in the field, and analyzes the impact of earthquakes The current situation and existing problems of the opposite sex research and the main problems and corresponding suggestions to our country's further research in this field.