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一、前言灌溉用水渠道向来多用明渠,为使水流稳定其比降较缓,过水断面相应要大,从经济的观点看是不利的。另外,做为最小能量的临界流,仅仅能量的变化将带来较大的水面波动,致使水流不稳定。正因为如此,作为使明渠水流稳定的条件,提出佛劳德数Fr<0.44。由于渠道是考虑地形坡降和社会条件而设计的,而且在沿渠有各种各样的设施,如沉砂池、分
I. INTRODUCTION Irrigation water channels have always been more open channels. In order to stabilize the flow of water, its slope is lower than that of water channels. Therefore, the water cross section should be relatively large, which is unfavorable from an economic point of view. In addition, as the critical flow of minimum energy, only the change of energy will bring greater water surface fluctuation, resulting in instability of water flow. Because of this, as a condition of stabilizing open channel flow, the Freunds number Fr <0.44 is proposed. As the channels are designed with consideration of the gradient of the terrain and social conditions, there are a variety of facilities along the channel, such as grit chambers,