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目的了解我国煤炭行业中的农民合同工(农协工)对艾滋病的认识,探索适合农协工的艾滋病预防综合干预模式。方法元氏煤矿的男性农协工1051人为研究对象,在基线调查的基础上,利用煤矿职工活动中心开展为期5个月的宣传教育活动。通过艾滋病相关知识、传播途径等的讲解,发放艾滋病预防知识的彩色宣传画、海报、月历,艾滋病健康教育专题录像、专家讲座及安全套使用观摩,进行干预模式的综合评价。结果多种方式的综合干预使得农协工对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率显著提高,其中,专业人员讲座方式由7.58%提高到25.00%,参与式培训方式则由2.46%升高到13.18%;自我保护意识及行为亦为有改变,发生非婚性为的农协工减少到7.62%;安全套的使用率明显升高,非婚性行为安全套使用率由24.42%升高到42.31%,夫妻之间安全套的使用率亦提升到36.07%。结论以煤矿职工活动中心为依托,在广播、电视及杂志等大众传媒的基础上,定期组织艾滋病专业人员讲座、参与式培训等活动,配以健全的制度,有助于提高煤矿农协工对艾滋病认知和行为改变。
Objective To understand the understanding of AIDS among contract workers (farmers’ association workers) in the coal industry in China and to explore comprehensive intervention models for AIDS prevention that are suitable for agricultural cooperative workers. Methods A total of 1051 male agricultural cooperative workers in Yuanshi Coal Mine were selected as the research object. Based on the baseline survey, a five-month publicity and education campaign was conducted using the Coal Mine Workers Activity Center. Through the explanation of AIDS-related knowledge and ways of dissemination, AIDS prevention knowledge, color posters, posters, monthly calendars, AIDS health education videos, expert lectures, and condom use observations were used to conduct a comprehensive assessment of intervention patterns. As a result, comprehensive interventions in a variety of ways enabled the agricultural co-workers to increase awareness of AIDS-related knowledge. Among them, the number of professional lectures was increased from 7.58% to 25.00%, and the participatory training was increased from 2.46% to 13.18%; There was also a change in awareness and behavior of protection. The incidence of non-marital sex workers was reduced to 7.62%; the use of condoms increased significantly, and the use of non-marital sex condoms increased from 24.42% to 42.31%. The use of condoms has also increased to 36.07%. Conclusion Based on the coal mine staff activity center and on the basis of mass media such as radio, television and magazines, regularly organizing AIDS professional lectures, participatory training and other activities, together with a sound system, will help improve the coal mines AIDS awareness and behavioral changes.