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司马迁创造了全新的历史书写模式。但如果溯流探源,则《史记》的各种体例都不同程度具有早期渊源,司马迁是在早期文献的基础之上,赋予旧有文献形态全新的形式和功能。《汉书·艺文志》和出土简帛文献为理解战国秦汉之际文献的类别和形式提供了新的视角。探究《史记》本纪、世家、传、表、志各体文本组织形式、文本功能及其与早期文献之间的关联,可为理解《史记》的史学范式及司马迁的史学创造提供新的角度。
Sima Qian created a new historical writing mode. However, if the source of the upstream is probed, all kinds of records in the Records of the Historian have early origins to varying degrees. Sima Qian was based on the earlier literature and endowed with the new forms and functions of the old literature. The Han Dynasty Yi Wen Zhi and the Unearthed Bamboo and Silk Literature provide a new perspective for understanding the categories and forms of the literature in the Warring States, the Qin and Han Dynasties. Exploring the relationship between Ji Ji, family, biography, form, and individual texts, the function of texts and their relationship with early documents in Historical Records may provide a new perspective for understanding Historical Records of Shi Ji and Sima Qian’s historical creation.