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目的为了解农村高血压患者对高血压疾病的认识、行为及影响因素,为农村地区今后更好防治高血压提供科学依据。方法2007年6~10月,以随机抽样法对从化市鳌头地区6个自然行政村236名确诊的高血压患者进行高血压知识、行为问卷调查;采用SPSS软件进行单因素和多因素分析。结果(1)调查对象对高血压相关知识贫乏,做多元逐步回归分析发现知识的多少与有无亲友从事医疗工作、文化程度、经济收入(P<0.05)有关。(2)调查对象良好服用高血压药的依从率较低,为23.7%,影响其用药依从性的因素有:有无亲友从事医疗工作、患者高血压知识的多少、经济收入、服药次数(P<0.05)。(3)调查对象日常生活中存在较多不健康行为方式。(4)调查对象平时主要通过医务人员(152人,占64.4%)、广播(124人,占52.5%)、电视(106人,占44.9%)等途径获得相关卫生知识,其中有175人(74.1%)希望通过医务人员,128人(54.2%)希望通过广播获得相关卫生知识。结论农村高血压患者相关卫生知识严重缺乏,服用高血压药的依从率低,不良生活行为多,通过多种途径普及卫生知识,促进建立健康的生活行为,是农村防治高血压病的前提。
Objective To understand the cognition, behavior and influential factors of hypertension in rural hypertensive patients and provide a scientific basis for better prevention and treatment of hypertension in rural areas in the future. Methods From June to October 2007, 236 hypertension patients with hypertension diagnosed in 6 natural administrative villages of Conghua City were investigated by random sampling method. Knowledge and behavior of hypertension were investigated by SPSS software. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed. Results (1) According to the multiple stepwise regression analysis, the subjects who were knowledgeable about hypertension were less likely to be related to whether their relatives and friends were engaged in medical work, education, or economic income (P <0.05). (2) The compliance rate of respondents who took good hypertensive drugs was low (23.7%). The factors influencing the compliance of their medication were: whether their relatives and friends engaged in medical work, the knowledge of patients with hypertension, the economic income, the number of medication (P <0.05). (3) There are many unhealthy behaviors in the daily life of the respondent. (4) The survey respondents usually obtained relevant health knowledge through medical staff (152 people, 64.4%), radio (124 people, 52.5%) and television (106 people, 44.9%), of whom 175 74.1%) hope that through the medical staff, 128 (54.2%) hope to get relevant health knowledge through radio. Conclusions There is a serious lack of relevant health knowledge in rural patients with hypertension. The compliance rate of taking hypertension drugs is low, and the adverse life behaviors are numerous. It is prerequisite for prevention and treatment of hypertension in rural areas through popularizing health knowledge and promoting healthy life behaviors through various ways.