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韩国实行的是政府主导下的“混合型经济”。它在行政上划分为9个道(省)、6个直辖市、67个市和137个郡(县)。由于自然资源匮乏,国内市场狭小,政府于60年代开始采取外向型工业化战略,并且通过国民经济发展计划和财政、金融等政策加强对市场经济的干预。经过30年来的努力,韩国已由落后的农业国转变为新型的工业国。应该指出的是,自朝鲜战争结束以后一直到1988年,韩国始终由军人执政,因此在财政、金融、计划等方面的中央集权特点比较突出。
South Korea is practicing a “mixed economy” under the government’s leadership. It is administratively divided into nine roads (provinces), six municipalities, 67 municipalities and 137 counties (counties). Due to the scarcity of natural resources and the narrow domestic market, the government began to adopt an outward-oriented industrialization strategy in the 1960s and stepped up its intervention in the market economy through national economic development plans and fiscal and financial policies. After 30 years of hard work, South Korea has transformed itself from a backward agricultural country to a new industrialized country. It should be pointed out that since the end of the Korean War and until 1988, the ROK has always been ruled by the military. Therefore, centralization of finance, finance, planning and other aspects is more prominent.