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目的探讨通过认知行为管理克服心理危机在老年高血压患者临床中的应用效果。方法选取本院老年病科130例高血压患者随机分为两组,即干预组(n=65例)和对照组(n=65例)进行对比研究。干预组在常规护理基础上根据认知理论指导进行综合认知行为管理,包括认知重建、放松训练、情绪调适、暗示及脱敏疗法等;对照组仅执行常规护理及健康教育;采用心理症状相关量表SAS、SDC及匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)测试两组患者治疗前后的心理状况,并于患者出院前对两组患者治疗依从性及血压控制情况进行评价。结果两组患者入院后均存在不同程度的心理症状,经过一个时期的干预治疗,出院前干预组SDS、SAS、PSQI等相关指数明显低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗依从性及血压控制情况也显著优于对照组(P<0.05),两组比较差异具有有统计学意义。结论运用认知行为管理在老年高血压患者中开展心理危机干预,可以有效缓解焦虑抑郁水平,改善睡眠质量,对提升治疗效果具有重要作用。
Objective To explore the application of cognitive behavior management to overcome the psychological crisis in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods A total of 130 hypertensive patients in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups: intervention group (n = 65) and control group (n = 65). On the basis of routine nursing, the intervention group conducted comprehensive cognitive behavioral management based on cognitive theory, including cognitive rehabilitation, relaxation training, emotional adjustment, implication and desensitization therapy. The control group only performed routine nursing and health education. The psychological symptoms SAS, SDC and Pittsburgh Sleep Index (PSQI) were used to test the psychological status of the two groups before and after treatment. The patients’ compliance with the treatment and the control of blood pressure before discharge were evaluated. Results After admission, both groups had different degrees of psychological symptoms. After a period of intervention, the relevant indexes such as SDS, SAS and PSQI in pre-discharge intervention group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05), treatment compliance and blood pressure control The situation is also significantly better than the control group (P <0.05), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Conclusions The use of cognitive behavioral management in elderly hypertensive patients to carry out psychological crisis intervention can effectively alleviate anxiety and depression, improve sleep quality, to enhance the therapeutic effect plays an important role.