冷冻干燥(Freeze drying)为一种現代化的干燥方法,使溶液或混悬液冷冻至呈固体狀态后脫水。其原理与昇华作用相似。冷冻干燥多应用于对热敏感,受热較易破坏的生物制品方面。图1表示水的三态(固、液、气)与溫度及压力的关系。三相点T为水的三种物理狀态同时存在的平衡点;在AT兩点,水以气态及固态存在。假定从AT的右侧Z点,將压力減低至AT左侧X点,而温度不变,則呈固体狀态的水——水,將变成气体。此时若将温 Freeze drying is a modern drying method that allows the solution or suspension to freeze to a solid state and then dewatered. Its principle and sublimation effect is similar. Freeze-drying and more sensitive to heat, heat more easily destroyed biological products. Figure 1 shows the three-state water (solid, liquid, gas) and temperature and pressure relationship. Three-phase point T for the three physical states of water at the same time there is a balance point; at AT two points, the water exists in the gas and solid state. Assuming that the pressure is reduced from point Z on the right side of AT to point X on the left side of AT, the water-water in solid state will change to gas at the same temperature. At this time if the temperature