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目的:了解乌鲁木齐市3～6岁儿童行为发展现状,探讨影响儿童行为发展的相关因素。方法:随机选取17所幼儿园进行整群抽样调查,其中符合条件的3～6岁儿童共1984名;对每个儿童进行丹佛发展筛查测试(DDST-R),并对其幼儿园教师及家长进行Conners教师问卷(TRS)和家长问卷(PSQ)调查。结果:①行为发展现状:DDST-R、TRS与PSQ行为问题总检出率分别为7.61%(151/1984)、7.35%(142/1933)和7.50%(145/1933),检测结果一致(P>0.05);②相关性分析:TRS与PSQ各因子相关分析结果提示,儿童的品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动及多动指数与儿童行为发展关系密切,其中相关程度最高的因子是多动指数与多动(P<0.01);DDST-R各能区与Conners问卷中各因子相关分析发现,儿童行为测试表现出的语言、精细运动-适应性以及大运动能区的异常与问卷中的多动及多动指数有关(P<0.05)。结论:加强对3岁儿童行为问题的监测及语言能力的培养,是减少儿童行为问题的关键。
Objective: To understand the behavioral development of children aged 3 ~ 6 in Urumqi and to explore the related factors that affect the development of children’s behavior. METHODS: A total of 17 kindergartens were randomized to a cluster sample of 1984, with 1984 eligible children aged 3 to 6 years; Denver Development Screening Test (DDST-R) for each child and kindergarten teachers and parents Conners Teacher Questionnaire (TRS) and Parental Questionnaire (PSQ) surveys. Results: ① The current status of behavior: The total detection rate of DDST-R, TRS and PSQ was 7.61% (151/1984), 7.35% (142/1933) and 7.50% (145/1933) respectively. The detection results were consistent P> 0.05) .②Relationship analysis: The correlation analysis between TRS and PSQ showed that children’s conduct problems, learning problems, impulsive hyperactivity and hyperactivity index were closely related to the development of children’s behavior. Among them, the most relevant factor was (P <0.01). Correlation analysis between each DDST-R energy level and Conners questionnaire showed that language, fine motor-fitness and abnormalities of large motor energy zone in children’s behavioral tests and questionnaire In the hyperactivity and hyperactivity index (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening monitoring of behavioral problems and language proficiency in 3-year-olds is key to reducing child behavioral problems.