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目的了解元阳县1997—2014年HIV/AIDS传播及分布特征,为今后预防控制提供参考。方法从全国艾滋病综合防治系统导出元阳县1997—2014年HIV/AIDS病例流行病学个案信息,应用Microsoft Excel 2007进行数据录入整理,采用Epi Info TM7.1.5软件进行流行病学地图可视化制作。结果元阳县1997—2014年间,共报告1 656例HIV/AIDS病例,男性1 042人,女性614人;主要为20~39岁青壮年,占65.5%;绝大部分为已婚或有配偶者,占60.2%;自2004年起,每年新报告病例呈逐年上升趋势,传播途径由注射吸毒转变为异性传播。地理分布,由2004年仅6个乡镇报告HIV/AIDS至2007年全县15个乡镇均发现HIV/AIDS,至2014年形成以胜村乡、新街镇、南沙镇为聚集中心,向城乡结合部乡镇蔓延,并遍布全县15个乡镇。结论元阳县HIV/AIDS疫情呈现逐年上升趋势,已由城镇中心蔓延流行至全县15个乡镇,异性传播是当地主要感染途径。应根据传播流行形式及分布特征针对性落实HIV/AIDS预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the transmission and distribution of HIV / AIDS in Yuanyang County from 1997 to 2014 and to provide reference for future prevention and control. Methods Epidemiological case information of HIV / AIDS cases from 1997 to 2014 in Yuanyang County was derived from the comprehensive national AIDS prevention and control system. Data were collected and sorted by using Microsoft Excel 2007. Epi Info TM7.1.5 software was used to make epidemiological maps. Results A total of 1 656 cases of HIV / AIDS were reported in Yuanyang County from 1997 to 2014, with 1,042 males and 614 females. Young adults aged 20-39 accounted for 65.5% of the total, mostly married or spouses , Accounting for 60.2%. Since 2004, the number of newly reported cases has been increasing year by year, and the route of transmission has shifted from injecting drug use to heterosexual transmission. Geographical distribution, HIV / AIDS was reported in only 6 townships in 2004 By 2007 HIV / AIDS was found in 15 townships across the county. By 2014, a cluster of centers of Shengcun, Xinjie and Nansha will be formed and urban-rural areas will be formed Ministry of the township spread, and throughout the county 15 townships. Conclusion The epidemic situation of HIV / AIDS in Yuanyang County has been increasing year by year. It has spread from 15 townships and towns in the town center to 15 townships. Heterosexual transmission is the main route of infection in this area. HIV / AIDS prevention and control measures should be implemented in a targeted manner according to the epidemic forms and distribution characteristics.