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在解耦联蛋白1(UCP1)的同源物解耦联蛋白3(UCP3)被克隆以后的13年中,人们对确定它的功能抱有浓厚的兴趣。尽管人们做了大量的工作,但是它的分子结构和生理生化功能还都没有真正弄清楚。基于它与UCP1高度同源,早期的研究是验证它的生热作用,但是有关这种作用的证据不足。目前的研究主要集中在两种假说上:UCP3减少活性氧簇产生,这样可阻止或减少氧化性破坏;UCP3从线粒体中输出脂肪酸阴离子或脂质过氧化产物。UCP3是老化、变性性疾病、癌症、肥胖、糖尿病和心力衰竭等的重要潜在治疗靶点。现就UCP3的结构、组织分布、功能及调节因素进行综述,并对其今后的研究方向进行展望。
In the 13 years after the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) homologue uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) was cloned, there was a strong interest in determining its function. Although people do a lot of work, but its molecular structure and physiological and biochemical functions are not really clear. Based on its high homology to UCP1, earlier studies have validated its thermogenic effects but insufficient evidence for this effect. Current research has focused on two hypotheses: UCP3 reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species, thus preventing or reducing oxidative damage; UCP3 exports fatty acid anions or lipid peroxidation products from the mitochondria. UCP3 is an important potential therapeutic target for aging, degenerative diseases, cancer, obesity, diabetes and heart failure. The structure, tissue distribution, function and regulatory factors of UCP3 are summarized and the future research direction of UCP3 is prospected.