Objective:The aim of our study was to estimate the cost of colorectal cancer screening and to provide evidence for the cost control of colorectal cancer screening among general population in rural area of China.Methods:We determined the net cost for colorectal cancer mass-screening in Jiashan County,and evaluated the cost-benefit and cost effectiveness.Results:The compliance rate of primary screening and intensive screening were 84.6% and 78.7%,respectively.In primary screening,the average cost for each individual was 27.2 yuan,and the average cost for identifying one high-risk individual was 180.5 yuan.The mean cost to diagnose one colorectal cancer patient was 42963.3 yuan.As for identification of adenoma,the average cost for each case was 4384.0 yuan.Based on the calculation,the average cost of reducing one colorectal cancer patient was 12768 yuan by conducting the mass-screening protocol.Conclusion:It was beneficial to do the cost-benefit analysis of colorectal cancer screening in area of high incidence.Based on the results of cost-benefit analysis,more efforts should be made to reduce the cost and to improve the efficiency of the colorectal cancer screening. Objective: The aim of our study was to estimate the cost of colorectal cancer screening and to provide evidence for the cost control of colorectal cancer screening among general population in rural area of ​​China. Methods: We determined the net cost for colorectal cancer mass-screening in Jiashan County, and evaluated the cost-benefit and cost effectiveness. Results: The compliance rate of primary screening and intensive screening were 84.6% and 78.7% respectively. In primary screening, the average cost for each individual was 27.2 yuan, and the average cost for identifying one high-risk individual was 180.5 yuan.The mean cost to diagnose one colorectal cancer patient was 42963.3 yuan.As for identification of adenoma, the average cost for each case was 4384.0 yuan.Based on the calculation, the average cost of reducing one colorectal cancer patient was 12768 yuan by conducting the mass-screening protocol. Confc: It was beneficial to do the cost-benefit analysis of colorectal cancer screening in area of ​​high incidence. Based on the results of cost-benefit analysis, more efforts should be made to reduce the cost and to improve the efficiency of the colorectal cancer screening.