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本文提出了铸件最优冒口尺寸的准则，并用直接寻查法优化设计圆柱形单冒口的一种方法。本方法由于把铸件凝固进程的凝固前沿和热节点的移动以及动态凝固收缩作为优化过程的限制条件，因此与传统的模数法相比，具有较高的准确性。计算中采用交替方向的隐式差分格式。编制的源程序通用于共晶型合金和固溶型合金，也通用于使用多种型料的铸型。
In this paper, the principle of optimum riser size of castings is proposed, and a method of optimizing the design of cylindrical single risers by direct search method is proposed. The method has higher accuracy compared with the traditional modulus method because of the movement of the solidification front and the thermal node and the dynamic solidification shrinkage during the solidification process of the casting as a limitation of the optimization process. In the calculation of the alternating direction of the implicit difference format. Preparation of the source code common to eutectic alloys and solid solution alloy, but also common in the use of a variety of materials of the mold.