引言空中交通管制是一项高风险的智力劳动,需要不断获取信息,分析评估动态,果断作出判断决策,发出指令信息,随时为运行中的航空器调配安全的管制间隔,及时处理各种突发特情。它给管制员的思考时间很短,而且发出的指令在极短的时间里影响空中飞行状态,要么安全,要么不安全,甚至发生事故。虽然几乎所有空管人员在主观 Introduction Air traffic control is a high-risk intellectual work requiring constant access to information, analysis and assessment of the dynamics, decisive decision-making, issue of command information, deployment of safe control intervals for aircraft in operation at any time, timely processing of all types of emergency situation. It gives controllers very short time to think, and the commands issued affect airborne conditions in a very short period of time, either safe, unsafe or even accidental. Almost all ATC personnel are subjective