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目的分析合肥市麻疹发病与流行趋势,为控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对2008年合肥市麻疹监测系统确诊的604例麻疹病例进行流行病学分析。结果2008年合肥市麻疹发病率为12.40/10万(604/4 870916),较2007年上升了294.77%。全年共发生学校暴发8起,其他以高度散发形式存在,呈流行态势。发病高峰集中在3~5月份;发病年龄呈双相移位现象。病例中有免疫史的占29.3%,无免疫史和免疫史不详的占46.5%和24.2%。结论麻疹初免及加强免疫接种不及时、流动人口增多以及成年人发病上升是造成发病上升的主要原因。提高麻疹疫苗接种质量和及时接种率,加强流动人口管理和降低成年人发病是控制麻疹暴发和流行的重要手段。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic trend of measles in Hefei and provide the basis for controlling and eliminating measles. Methods The epidemiological analysis of 604 measles cases confirmed by Hefei measles monitoring system in 2008 was made. Results The incidence of measles in Hefei in 2008 was 12.40 / 100,000 (604/4 870916), an increase of 294.77% over 2007. There were 8 school outbreaks in the year, others were in highly distributed form and were in a prevalent situation. The peak incidence concentrated in March to May; onset age was biphasic shift phenomenon. Cases of immunization history accounted for 29.3%, no history of immunization and immunization history unknown 46.5% and 24.2%. Conclusions The main reason for the rising incidence of measles is the initial immunization and intensive immunization, the increase of floating population and the rising incidence of adults. To improve the quality of measles vaccination and timely vaccination rate, to strengthen the management of floating population and reduce the incidence of adults is an important means to control the outbreak and the epidemic of measles.