历史批评是当代文学批评中运用最广泛的方法。尤其是建国后头二十七年.由于对“人”的忽略,对历史唯物主义的曲解,历史批评一度沦为一种纯政治化的以阶级斗争为基本内涵的简单说教,沦为庸俗社会学的批评。新时期,历史批评从庸俗社会学的泥淖中挣脱出来,依然在文学理论和文学批评中占据十分重要的位置,但基本执着于社会表层,只要作品表现了某一历史时期的教训得失,便认为具有“历史感”,具有现实主义的品格。这种批评忽略了“人”的文化特性,忽略了对“人”的文化心理的透视,由于这一缺漏,所谓“历史感”就缺欠深度和活 Historical criticism is the most widely used method in contemporary literary criticism. Especially after the founding of the People’s Republic for the first 27 years, due to the ignorance of “people” and the misinterpretation of historical materialism, historical criticism was once reduced to a purely politicized simple preaching with the basic connotation of class struggle as a vulgar sociology Criticism. In the new era, historical criticism broke away from the muddy of vulgar sociology and still occupies a very important position in literary theory and literary criticism. However, as long as the work shows the lessons learned in a historical period, Has a “sense of history”, with a realist character. This kind of criticism ignores the cultural characteristics of “man” and ignores the cultural psychology of “man”. Due to this omission, the so-called “sense of history” lacks depth and liveness