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目的 确定吸毒及针具共用的影响因素 ,为在中国静脉吸毒者中开展预防针具共用和艾滋病工作提供参考。方法 于 2 0 0 2～ 2 0 0 3年在江门市戒毒所和社区招募静脉吸毒者 ,对每名吸毒者进行约 2h的深入访谈 ,利用NUD IST4 0定性分析软件对访谈记录进行整理、编码、主题归类和分析。结果 共对 5 3名静脉吸毒者进行了深入访谈 ,94 9%的吸毒者首次吸毒年龄为 10～ 2 9岁 ,98 1%首次吸毒的方式为口吸 ;吸毒的主要原因是结交了吸毒的朋友、负性生活事件影响及好奇心的驱使 ;从口吸转为注射吸毒的主要原因是为了省钱及追求快感 ;针具共用的主要原因包括毒瘾发作时没有新针、买针困难、跟共用的人关系好、对自己的健康不关心、不知道共用针具的危害 ,尤其对间接共用针具的危害缺乏认识 ;戒毒失败的原因包括周围的环境因素及缺乏社会支持 ;30 8%的女性吸毒者存在卖淫问题。结论 针具的可及性差和对共用针具的危害缺乏认识是针具共用的主要原因 ,采取加强针具的市场营销及针具交换等减少危害的措施势在必行。
Objective To determine the influencing factors of sharing of drugs and needles and provide references for sharing needles and HIV / AIDS among intravenous drug users in China. Methods In2002 ~ 2003, drug addicts were recruited in detoxification community and community in Jiangmen City, and each drug user was interviewed for about 2 hours. The interview records were sorted and coded by NUD IST40 qualitative analysis software , Subject classification and analysis. Results A total of 53 IV drug users were interviewed in an interviews. Among 94 94% of drug users, the first drug users were aged 10 to 29 years old, and 98.1% of them used oral drug for the first time. Drug abuse was mainly caused by drug abuse Friends, negative life events and curiosity. The main reason for switching from oral hygiene to injecting drug use is to save money and pursue pleasure. The main reasons for the sharing of needles include lack of new needles and difficulty in buying needles, Not to mention the harm of sharing needles, especially for the dangers of indirectly sharing needles; the reasons for the failure of drug addiction include the surrounding environmental factors and the lack of social support; 30 8% Of female drug users have prostitution issues. Conclusions The poor accessibility of needles and the lack of understanding of the hazards of shared needles are the main reasons for the sharing of needles. It is imperative to take measures to reduce hazards such as the marketing of needles and the exchange of needles.