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目的探讨额叶癫痫的临床特点与视频脑电图特征。方法对青岛市妇女儿童医院2011年12月至2014年4月确诊的19例额叶癫痫患儿临床特点和视频脑电图结果进行分析。结果 19例患儿共监测到83次临床发作,平均每例4.4次。其中7例仅出现于清醒期,9例仅出现于睡眠期,1例清醒睡眠期均有发作。发作持续时间3s至105s,平均32s。主要发作类型有:过度运动性自动症、姿势性强直、偏转性强直、局部阵挛运动、发声、情绪症状、额叶失神等,其中发作例数最多的前3位分别是:过度运动性自动症、姿势性强直和偏转性强直;发作间期脑电图18例监测到癫痫样放电,以额区为主的尖波、棘波、尖(棘)慢波最为常见。发作期脑电图:表现为一侧或双侧额部导联的爆发性活动,通常有演变过程。以最开始出现的异常波为依据,主要有低波幅快波节律和爆发性尖波、棘波、尖(棘)慢波。结论额叶癫痫是儿童时期最常见的部分性癫痫,发作形式复杂多变。额叶癫痫诊断主要依据视频脑电图监测到发作期临床及脑电图表现等,目前视频脑电图是额叶癫痫有效、非损伤性临床诊断手段。
Objective To explore the clinical features of frontal lobe epilepsy and video EEG features. Methods The clinical features and video-EEG results of 19 cases with frontal lobe epilepsy confirmed by Qingdao Women’s and Children’s Hospital from December 2011 to April 2014 were analyzed. Results A total of 83 clinical seizures were detected in 19 children, with an average of 4.4 per case. Of these, 7 showed only in the awake period, 9 only in the sleep stage, and 1 in the awake sleep episode. Attack duration 3s to 105s, an average of 32s. The main types of seizures include: hyperactivity disorder, tonic posture, tonic ankylosis, local clonus movement, vocalization, emotional symptoms, frontal lobe loss, etc., of which the first three cases were the most frequent episodes were: over-mobility automatic Symptoms, posture tonic and deflexion ankylosis; Intermittent EEG in 18 cases of epileptiform discharges were detected in the frontal area of the spike, spike, sharp (spine) slow wave most common. EEG Episode: The performance of one or both forehead lead explosive activity, usually with evolution. Based on the first anomalous waves, there are mainly low-amplitude fast-wave rhythms and explosive spikes, spikes and sharp (spines) slow waves. Conclusion Frontal lobe epilepsy is the most common partial epilepsy in childhood, the form of attack is complicated and changeable. The diagnosis of frontal lobe epilepsy is mainly based on the video EEG monitoring of the onset of clinical and EEG performance, the current video EEG is an effective frontal lobe epilepsy, non-invasive clinical diagnosis.