最严重经济危机有“黄金之国”美誉的南非正在经受重大考验。大宗商品价格下挫,外需低迷、电力供应不力以及百年一遇的旱灾等令南非经济举步维艰。另外,作为南非支柱产业的黄金业也面临崩溃的风险,大量金矿被关闭、废弃,私挖滥采随之升温,争夺废弃金矿控制权的暴力事件不时上演,民众为此付出了沉重的代价。其实近两年来,南非的经济状况一直不容乐观。2015年,该国经济增长仅为1.3%,创全球金融危机以来的最低增速。南非政府预 South Africa, which has the reputation of “the country of gold” as its worst economic crisis, is undergoing a major test. The slump in South Africa’s economy has been struggling with the drop in commodity prices, sluggish external demand, poor power supply and the once-in-a-century drought. In addition, the gold industry, which is the pillar industry of South Africa, is also at risk of collapse. A large number of gold mines are closed down, abandoned, privately owned and indiscriminate mining is heating up. Violence over the control of abandoned gold mines is staged from time to time. People have paid heavy cost. In fact, in the past two years, the economic situation in South Africa has not been optimistic. In 2015, the country’s economic growth was only 1.3%, the lowest since the global financial crisis. South African government pre-