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目的探讨新生儿重症监护病室(NICU)胎龄与体重对早产儿耳声发射(otoacoustic emission,OAE)通过率的影响,总结早产儿听力损伤的高危因素。方法排除了听力损伤高危因素的早产儿根据胎龄分三组:Ⅰ组(<30周)、Ⅱ组(30～34周)、Ⅲ组(>34周);根据体重分三组:A组(<1.5kg)、B组(1.5～2.5kg)、C组(>2.5kg),分析胎龄组、体重组的OAE通过率。结果胎龄组各组之间OAE通过率差异有统计学意义,胎龄越小,通过率愈低;A组OAE通过率低于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义,而B组与C组组间通过率差异无统计学意义。结论胎龄和出生体重<1.5kg是影响听力筛查结果的重要因素。
Objective To investigate the influence of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) gestational age and body weight on the passage rate of otoacoustic emission (OAE) in preterm infants and to summarize the risk factors of hearing loss in preterm infants. Methods The preterm infants with high risk of hearing impairment were divided into three groups according to gestational age: group Ⅰ (<30 weeks), group Ⅱ (30-34 weeks), group Ⅲ (> 34 weeks) (<1.5 kg), group B (1.5-2.5 kg) and group C (> 2.5 kg). The OAE passage rate of the gestational age group and body weight group was analyzed. Results There was a significant difference in OAE passage rate between groups of gestational age group, the smaller the gestational age, the lower the passage rate. The passage rate of OAE in group A was lower than that in group B and group C, but the difference was statistically significant There was no significant difference in pass rate between C groups. Conclusion The gestational age and birth weight <1.5kg are important factors that affect hearing screening results.