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多聚免疫球蛋白受体(Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor,pIgR)是介导分泌型免疫球蛋白(Ig)多聚体跨过上皮细胞转运的I型跨膜糖蛋白,已在多种高等脊椎动物中得到克隆。2007年以来,陆续在红鳍东方鲀、斑马鱼及鲤鱼等多种硬骨鱼中克隆得到pIgR基因,并对其进行了表达分析。硬骨鱼类pIgR包含2个免疫球蛋白样功能域,含有4个保守的半胱氨酸(Cys)残基,能很好地结合Ig多聚体,进而介导其向皮肤或肠等黏液中的转运。但目前对pIgR基因功能及作用机制仍了解较少。本文拟对硬骨鱼中pIgR基因分子结构、转胞吞作用、功能及表达模式差异做简要概述,以期为今后深入研究pIgR在黏膜免疫中的功能及转运机制提供指导。
Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates the transport of secreted immunoglobulin (Ig) multimers across epithelial cells and has been found in many higher vertebrates clone. Since 2007, the pIgR gene has been cloned from a variety of teleosts such as red-winged oriental alba, zebrafish and carp, and its expression analysis has been carried out. The teleost fish pIgR contains two immunoglobulin-like domains, containing four conserved cysteine (Cys) residues that bind well to Ig multimers and mediate its uptake into the mucus of the skin or intestine The transfer. However, little is known about the function and mechanism of pIgR gene. In this paper, the molecular structure, transcytosis, function and expression pattern of pIgR gene in Bream fish are briefly reviewed in order to provide guidance for further study on the function and transport mechanism of pIgR in mucosal immunity in the future.