The mortality rate of acute severe intraventricular hematoma is extremely high,and the rate of disability in survivors is high.Intraventricular hematoma has always been a difficult problem for clinical treatment.Although minimally invasive endoscopic hematoma evacuation is widely used to treat this disease,the technique still has room for improvement.Equipment for the intra-neuroendoscopic technique (INET) consists of two of our patented inventions:a transparent sheath (Patent No.ZL 200820046232.0) and a hematoma aspirator (Patent No.ZL 201520248717.8).This study explored the safety and efficacy of INET by comparing it with extraventricular drainage in combination with urokinase thrombolytic therapy.This trial recruited 65 patients with severe intraventricular hemorrhage,including 35 (19 men and 16 women,aged 53.2 ± 8.7 years) in the INET group and 30 (17 men and 13 women,aged 51.5 ± 7.9 years) in the control group (extraventricular drainage plus urokinase thrombolytic therapy).Our results showed that compared with the control group,the INET group exhibited lower intraventricular hemorrhage volumes,shorter intensive care-unit monitoring and ventricular drainage-tube placement times,and fewer incidences of intracranial infection,secondary bleeding,and mortality.Thus,the prognosis of survivors had improved remarkably.These findings indicate that INET is a safe and efficient new method for treating severe intraventricular hematoma.This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02515903).