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过去十年间,头颈部鳞癌使用化疗有所增加,或作为姑息治疗,或与放疗或/和手术联合成为根治性治疗的一部分。不同剂量的多药联合治疗,使疗效有明显改进,但也出现毒性。用药的最大改进是基于细胞周期的理论,不同药物按一定程序给予。主要是用长春新碱(VCR)和长春花碱(VLB),目的是把细胞阻断在M 期。许多实验证明,博莱霉素(BLM)只有在VCR 之后6～12小时给药,才能对头颈部癌奏效。Barranco等指出,VCR 作用之后的BLM 基本上是杀灭阻断在G_2和M 时相的癌细胞,减少从S_0到G_2期的过渡。
Over the past decade, the use of chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma has increased, either as a palliative treatment or as part of radical treatment with radiation or/and surgery. Different doses of multidrug combination therapy resulted in a significant improvement in efficacy but also toxicity. The greatest improvement in medication is based on the theory of the cell cycle. Different drugs are given according to a certain procedure. The main purpose is to use vincristine (VCR) and vinblastine (VLB) in order to block cells in the M phase. Many experiments have shown that bleomycin (BLM) can only be effective for head and neck cancers only after 6 to 12 hours after VCR. Barranco et al. pointed out that the BLM after VCR is basically killing the cancer cells that block the phases at G2 and M, and reduce the transition from S_0 to G2 phases.