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目的探保留肾单位手术(nephron sparing surgery,NSS)早期主要应用于双侧肾癌、孤立肾或对侧肾无功能患者,后来由于医学技术的进步,并发症逐渐减少,适应症逐渐扩大。保留肾单位手术可取得与根治性肾切除术(radical nephrectomy,RN)相同的疗效,并最大限度地保护肾功能,提高患者的生活质量,目前在临床上得到了广泛的应用。本文试从NSS的适应症、术中注意事项、术后并发症及疗效等方面对其进行综述,并对腹腔镜手术及机器人手术的前景进行简要的叙述。
Objective To investigate the early application of nephron sparing surgery (NSS) in patients with bilateral renal cell carcinoma, isolated kidney or contralateral kidney nonfunctioning patients. Later, due to the progress of medical technology, the complications gradually decreased and the indications gradually expanded. Retained nephron surgery can achieve the same effect as radical nephrectomy (RN), and maximize renal function and improve the quality of life of patients, has been widely used in clinical practice. This article tries to summarize NSS indications, intraoperative considerations, postoperative complications and curative effects and other aspects, and a brief description of the prospects of laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery.