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采用有限元分析软件,对250℃下AZ31镁合金变通道角挤压进行数值模拟分析,研究宽厚比k对成型过程中的挤压载荷、等效应力、等效应变和应变均匀性的影响。结果表明:宽厚比k对AZ31镁合金挤压成型过程中的挤压载荷、等效应力、等效应变和应变均匀性影响明显。k由4增长至10时,挤压载荷由1.1×10~6N增至5.5×10~6 N。k小于8时,试样的应力等效最大值约为270 MPa;当k为8时,在转角剪切区应变高达2.3,心部和表层的应变差值小于0.5,剪切区累积了大量的应变且应变均匀性高,易诱发动态再结晶和晶粒碎裂,细化晶粒,增强AZ31镁合金的强韧性能。
The finite element analysis software is used to analyze the numerical simulation of the variable channel angular extrusion of AZ31 magnesium alloy at 250 ℃. The effect of aspect ratio k on the extrusion load, equivalent stress, equivalent strain and strain uniformity in the forming process is studied. The results show that the ratio of width to thickness k has a significant influence on the extrusion load, equivalent stress, equivalent strain and strain uniformity in the extrusion process of AZ31 magnesium alloy. The compressive load increases from 1.1 × 10 ~ 6N to 5.5 × 10 ~ 6N when k increases from 4 to 10. When k is less than 8, the stress-equivalent maximum of the sample is about 270 MPa. When k is 8, the strain in the corner shearing zone reaches as high as 2.3, the strain difference between the heart and the surface is less than 0.5, Of the strain and high strain uniformity, easy to induce dynamic recrystallization and grain fragmentation, grain refinement, and enhance the toughness of AZ31 magnesium alloy.