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以减少氨挥发损失为目的,以无机化肥分次施用为对照,选用树脂包膜尿素(RCU)、硫包衣尿素(SCU)和掺混控释肥(RBB)3种不同类型缓控释肥料,采用一次性施肥(B)和一基一穗(BF)2种施肥方式,研究了插秧施肥一体化条件下不同类型缓控释肥侧深施及施用方式对稻田田面水氮浓度及氨挥发损失的影响.结果表明,除SCU处理基肥期田面水总氮和铵态氮质量浓度均高于常规分次施肥处理CN,RCU和RBB处理均低于CN处理.不同缓控释肥料稻田氨挥发损失差异较大,损失量占施肥量的3.84%~28.17%.与CN处理相比,不同类型缓控释肥料均有减少稻田氨挥发损失的效应,处理间氨挥发损失量表现为:CN、B-SCU>BF-SCU、BF-RBB、BF-RCU、B-RBB、B-RCU.一次性基施下,B-SCU处理的氨挥发总量显著高于B-RCU和B-RBB处理,一基一穗下3种处理间氨挥发总量差异不显著.不同肥料在2种施肥方式下氨挥发损失量差异不显著,但表现不一致.BF-SCU处理的氨挥发损失量低于B-SCU处理,BF-RCU和BF-RBB处理的氨挥发损失量分别高于B-RCU和B-RBB处理.阶段氨挥发损失来看,施用SCU处理的基肥-蘖肥(7.54%)和蘖肥-穗肥阶段(16.04%)的损失较高,RBB处理的基肥-蘖肥阶段氨挥发损失(2.91%)明显增加,而RCU处理的穗肥后阶段(2.75%)是氨挥发损失的集中时期.追施穗肥尿素增加了穗肥后阶段的氨挥发排放损失,穗肥后阶段氨挥发量与田面水铵态氮质量浓度在不同类型肥料间无明显相关关系.
In order to reduce the loss of ammonia volatilization, three different types of controlled release fertilizers (RCU, SCU and RBB) (B) and one base per panicle (BF) were used to study the effects of deep application and application modes of different types of controlled release fertilizers on soil water nitrogen concentration and ammonia volatilization The results showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in field water were higher than those of conventional sub-fertilization treatment except for SCU, RCU and RBB treatments were lower than that of CN treatment.The ammonia volatilization The losses were quite different and the loss accounted for 3.84% -28.17% of the amount of fertilizer.Compared with CN treatment, all kinds of controlled release fertilizers had the effect of reducing the ammonia volatilization loss in paddy fields, and the amount of ammonia volatilization loss in treatments was CN, B-SCU> BF-SCB, BF-RBB, BF-RCU, B-RBB and B-RCU.The total ammonia volatilization of B-SCU was significantly higher than that of B-RCU and B-RBB , There was no significant difference in the total amount of ammonia volatilization among the three treatments under one base and one spike.The difference of ammonia volatilization loss between two fertilizers was not significant, The ammonia volatilization loss of BF-SCU was lower than that of B-SCU, and the ammonia volatilization loss of BF-RCU and BF-RBB was higher than that of B-RCU and B-RBB, respectively (7.54%) and tillering fertilizer-panicle stage (16.04%) in SCU treatment, the loss of ammonia volatilization (2.91%) in RBB-treated basal-tillering stage increased significantly, while that of RCU treatment (2.75%) is the concentrated period of ammonia volatilization.The topdressing urea fertilizer increased the ammonia volatilization loss in the latter part of panicle stage, the ammonia volatilization amount in the latter stage and the NH4 (superscript + -) No significant correlation between different types of fertilizer.