欧洲是矢车菊的故乡,尤其是德国,山坡、田野、房前屋后、路边和水畔都有矢车菊的踪影,它象征着日尔曼民族爱国、乐观、顽强、俭朴的精神,被誉为德国国花。相传,19世纪初,德国内战频繁,普鲁士王后路易斯带着两个小王子从宫中逃出,中途车子坏了,只好于路旁等待。当时正值矢车菊盛开,王后采了许多矢车菊编成一个花环,戴在九岁的威廉王子的胸前。这似乎是一个幸运之兆,后来威廉王子继承王位,统一了德国,加冕为德国皇帝,称威廉一世。他一直不忘当时的花环,将矢车菊视为吉祥之花。 古代欧洲人常提取矢车菊植株汁液入药,用以解除蝎毒,蛇毒,预防瘟疫,愈合伤口及治疗口腔溃疡、疼痛等;提取花瓣的蓝色汁液,用于食品染色,加工蓝墨水,水彩画颜料和亚麻布染料。然而,农民却不太喜欢它。它是农田中与作物争肥的一种强势杂草,收割时,它那坚韧的茎秆又常常使镰刀钝得很快,被称为“镰刀的克星”。 德国育种者经过多年的培育,这种蓝色的“原野上的小花”已经有了浅篮、蓝紫、深蓝、雪青、淡红、玫瑰红和白色等颜色的品种,成为重要的观赏植物。 Europe is the hometown of cornflowers, especially Germany, the hillsides, the fields, the houses in front of the houses, the traces of cornflowers on the curb and the waterfront, symbolizing the spirit of national patriotism, optimism, indomitableness and frugality of the Germanic peoples , Known as the German national flower. According to legend, the early 19th century, the frequent German civil wars, Prince Louise of Prussia escaped from the palace with two little princes, half-way car broke down, had to wait at the roadside. At a time when cornflowers were in full bloom, the queen collected many cornflowers in a wreath, worn on the chest of nine-year-old Prince William. This seems to be a lucky omen, and later Prince William inherited the throne, unified Germany, crowned as the German emperor, said William I. He has not forgotten the garlands at that time, cornflower as auspicious flowers. Ancient Europeans often extract cornflower plant juice into medicine, to relieve scorpion venom, snake venom, to prevent plague, healing wounds and the treatment of oral ulcers, pain, etc .; extracted petals of blue juice for food dyeing, processing blue ink, watercolors Pigments and linen dyes. However, farmers do not like it very much. It is a powerful weed in the fields competing with the crop, and when harvested, its tough stem often causes the sickle to blunt very quickly, known as the “sickle’s nemesis.” German breeders have been cultivated for many years. This blue “flower in the field” has become a major ornamental plant with varieties of colors such as light basket, blue-violet, dark blue, snow green, pink, rose and white.