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提出了一种双同轴虚阴极振荡器,并对其进行了理论分析和数值模拟。这种振荡器采用了一种新的能量提取结构,将波束相互作用和能量提取分开进行。提取区内轴的左端面可以反射微波,为波束相互作用提供反馈机制;同时还可以吸收在下游漂移的电子,这有利于输出功率和效率的提高。在器件的入口处注入峰值电压为500kV的梯形脉冲时,模拟得到了瞬时峰值功率大于2.5GW,周期平均的峰值功率约1.2GW的微波输出,频率为2.175GHz,能量提取效率达到11%。输出的微波保持了传统同轴虚阴极振荡器的优点,模式纯度高、谱宽非常窄。
A double-coaxial virtual cathode oscillator is proposed and analyzed theoretically and numerically. This oscillator uses a new energy extraction structure that separates the beam interaction and energy extraction. The left end of the axis of the extraction zone can reflect the microwave and provide a feedback mechanism for the beam interaction. At the same time, it can also absorb electrons drifting downstream, which is beneficial to the improvement of output power and efficiency. When the trapezoidal pulse with a peak voltage of 500kV is injected into the entrance of the device, the microwave output with the instantaneous peak power greater than 2.5GW and the average peak period of about 1.2GW is obtained. The frequency is 2.175GHz and the energy extraction efficiency is 11%. The output microwave maintains the advantages of the traditional coaxial virtual cathode oscillator with high purity and very narrow spectral width.