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在与西方传统哲学的对峙中,中国哲学、马克思主义哲学以及实用主义处于同一个阵营。这是以伦理学为中心的哲学与以认识论为中心的哲学的对峙。在中国哲学和马克思主义哲学之间,具有一种张力:前者强调个人的自我超越,后者重视社会的公平正义。此种不同路径在实用主义内部皆可找到:爱默生和詹姆斯是个人主义的代表,而杜威则与马克思主义有着更多的共鸣。用罗蒂的办法,分离二者,使其各守其位,各司其职,或许是种不错的选择。
In the confrontation with the traditional Western philosophy, Chinese philosophy, Marxist philosophy and pragmatism are in the same camp. This is the confrontation between ethics-centered philosophy and epistemological-centered philosophy. There is a tension between Chinese philosophy and Marxist philosophy: the former emphasizes individual self-transcendence, while the latter values social fairness and justice. Such different paths can be found within pragmatism: Emerson and James are individualistic representatives, while Dewey resonates more with Marxism. It may be a good idea to use Rorty’s method to separate the two from each other and keep them all.