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预防性防务思想是冷战后美国政府奉行的一种新的战略指导思想，它把预防列为军事战略的首务，防范用传统的威慑和实战方式难以对付的潜在威胁。这一变化，标志着美国对军事力量的运用从战时与危机时期扩展到和平时期。预防性防务包括针对各种大规模毁伤武器的裁军、军控、防扩散和反扩散；对国际危机的控制；对武装冲突与战争的预警。其特点是强调对事态发展全过程的控制，把对美国国家安全的潜在不利因素消除在萌芽状态或把危机控制在低水平。预防性防务代表着美国军事战略未来的发展趋向，并在美国对华政策中占有特殊地位。
The preventive defense thinking is a new strategic guiding principle pursued by the U.S. government after the Cold War. It lists prevention as the first task of military strategy and prevents potential threats that are difficult to deal with traditional methods of deterrence and actual combat. This change marks the expansion of the U.S. military’s use of power from wartime and crisis periods to peace. Preventive defense includes disarmament, arms control, non-proliferation and anti-proliferation against all kinds of weapons of mass destruction; control over the international crisis; and early warning of armed conflicts and wars. Its characteristics are to emphasize the control over the whole process of the development of the situation, eliminate the potential disadvantageous factors of the U.S. national security at an early stage or keep the crisis at a low level. Preventive defense represents the future development trend of the U.S. military strategy and occupies a special position in the U.S. policy towards China.