引 言 成都位于岷江中游上段,成都扇状平原东缘,是有两千多年历史的古城;人民早就具有掘井采取地下水的悠久历史,解放前已掘井3000余眼。成都为四川省政治、经济和文化中心,又地处三线建设要地,现有机械制造、化工、纺织及造纸、冶金、食品以及国防等工业,由解放前的消费城市变为较完整的工业城市。人口由1949年到1979年成 Introduction Chengdu is located in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River and the eastern edge of the fan-shaped plain in Chengdu. It is an ancient city with 2,000 years of history. The people have long history of digging groundwater and digging 3,000 wells before liberation. As the political, economic and cultural center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu is also located in the third line of construction. The existing industries of machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, textile and papermaking, metallurgy, food and defense are transformed from the pre-liberation consumer cities into more complete industries city. The population from 1949 to 1979 into