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在我们的印象之中,我们常常认为明清以后的建筑构件,其装饰性越来越浓,缺少了唐宋以前的恢宏和大气。然而我们从状元厅廊轩的构件分析可以看出,明清的建筑并非我们所想象的那样一味地追求装饰纹样。其结构之中仍旧有很多的结构理性的成分。相反古代的匠人们利用装饰清晰地将承重构件和辅助构件分开;利用装饰他们也从视觉上塑造了一个受力美学;利用装饰古代匠人们也智慧地解决了很多结构上的拼缝问题。由此,我们不得不说我们对明清建筑存在着偏见,我们对古代匠人们独具匠心的设计,缺乏合理的观察角度。
In our impression, we often think that after the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the architectural components are more and more decorative, lacking the magnificence and atmosphere before the Tang and Song Dynasties. However, we can see from the analysis of the components of the Langfang Hall that the Ming and Qing Dynasties’ architecture is not the pursuit of decorative patterns as we would expect. There are still many structural rational components in its structure. On the contrary, the ancient craftsmen used decoration to clearly separate the load-bearing components from the auxiliary components. They also visually visualized a force-aesthetics using decoration. The use of decorative ancient artisans also intelligently solved many structural patchwork problems. Therefore, we have to say that we have a prejudice against architecture in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Our original design of the ancient artisans lacks a reasonable perspective.