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目的比较《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》(下称《职业病防治法》)实施前后保定市急性职业中毒的发生情况。方法搜集1994—2007年保定市发生的中毒事故报告资料和中毒人员个案调查资料,分别统计《职业病防治法》实施前(1994—2001)和职业病防治法实施后(2002—2007)2个时期职业中毒事故的数量、时间分布、毒物种类分布、行业分布、中毒场所分布、企业类型、事故原因,进行对比性分析。结果每年发生急性中毒起数由《职业病防治法》实施前的年均2.38起,下降到年均1.67起,事故起数年均下降0.71起。每年发生急性中毒病人数由《职业病防治法》实施前的年均117.82人,下降到年均12.18人,中毒人数年均下降105.64人。《职业病防治法》实施前密闭空间引起的中毒事故死亡人数占事故总死亡人数的36.7%,2002年后的6年间未发生密闭空间急性职业中毒事件。结论《职业病防治法》实施后,保定市的急性职业中毒的发生情况有好转。
Objective To compare the incidence of acute occupational poisoning in Baoding City before and after the implementation of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases (hereinafter referred to as Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Law). Methods Data of poisoning incidents and poisoning cases collected in Baoding city from 1994 to 2007 were collected. Statistics were collected before the implementation of Law on Occupational Disease Prevention (1994-2001) and after occupational disease prevention and control (2002-2007) respectively The number of poisoning, time distribution, the distribution of poison species, industry distribution, the distribution of poisoning sites, business types, causes of accidents, comparative analysis. Results The annual incidence of acute poisoning dropped from 2.38 per year before the Prevention of Occupational Diseases Act to 1.67 per year, with an average annual number of accidents falling from 0.71. The annual number of acute poisoning cases dropped from 117.82 persons per year before the implementation of the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases to an average of 12.18 persons per year, with an average annual number of poisoned persons declining 105.64. Occupational Disease Prevention Act before the implementation of confined space caused by poisoning deaths accounted for 36.7% of the total number of deaths, after 2002 six years there was no confined space acute occupational poisoning. Conclusion After the implementation of the Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the occurrence of acute occupational poisoning in Baoding has improved.