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地铁泛指高峰小时单向运输能力在3～6万人左右,地下、地面、高架运行线路三者结合的一种大容量轨道交通系统。人类自1863年1月在英国伦敦开通第一段地铁以来,到20世纪末,已有40多个国家近百座城市中建造开通长度超过6000公里的300多条地铁线路。1969年10月1日我国第一条地铁在北京开通。目前,除北京、天津、上海、深圳、广州在续建地铁外,西安、沈阳、成都、大连、青岛、哈尔滨、郑州、长春、重庆、武汉等城市已在拟建地铁及轻轨交通。
Subway refers to the peak hourly one-way transport capacity of 3 to 6 million people, underground, ground, elevated line of operation of a combination of a large-capacity rail transit system. Since the first subway was opened in January 1863 in London, England, by the end of the 20th century, more than 300 subway lines with a length of more than 6,000 km have been built in nearly 100 cities in over 40 countries. October 1, 1969 China’s first subway opened in Beijing. At present, Xi’an, Shenyang, Chengdu, Dalian, Qingdao, Harbin, Zhengzhou, Changchun, Chongqing, Wuhan and other cities are already planning to build subway and light rail transit in addition to Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou.