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大小兴安岭生态功能区成立和发展过程中,选取有效的政策工具,实现生态保护和经济发展并行是一个具有重要理论和现实意义的研究课题。通过比较静态分析方法对适合生态区使用的生态税、天然林产品税以及天然林砍伐配额等政策工具进行成本分析和比较,在成本收益最大化理论的前提下,结合次优状态下两个社会福利影响分析,指出不同情况下如何选择成本最小,收益最大的政策工具,为生态区政策工具选择提供参考。
In the process of setting up and developing the ecological function zone of the Greater and the Hinggan Mountains, selecting effective policy tools to achieve the parallel development of ecological protection and economic development is a research topic with important theoretical and practical significance. Through comparative static analysis method, the paper analyzes and compares the cost of eco-tax, natural forest product tax and natural forest cut-off quotas, which are suitable for eco-zone. Based on the theory of cost-benefit maximization, Welfare Impact Analysis, pointing out how to choose the lowest cost and most profitable policy tools in different situations, and providing references for the selection of policy tools in the ecological zone.