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目的 了解社区获得性快生长型非结核分枝杆菌肺病的临床特点。方法 对 1 986年 1月至1 997年 1 2月间痰抗酸杆菌培养阳性 3 90 7例中 ,经菌型鉴定证明为快生长型非结核分枝杆菌肺病 58例进行回顾性分析。结果 按Runyon分类法 ,感染Ⅳ型偶然分枝杆菌 3 8例 ,龟分枝杆菌 2 0例。男 3 9例 ,女 1 7例 ,病程 8～ 4 0年。主要症状为咳嗽、咳白粘痰、咯血、发热。X线胸片两侧受累者 60 .3 % ,左侧 2 4 1 % ,右侧 1 5.5%。对异烟肼、链霉素、乙胺丁醇、利福平、对氨基水杨酸、丙硫异烟胺耐药率很高 ,对卡那霉素耐药率相对较低。结论 快生长型非结核分枝杆菌肺病病程长 ,症状不特异 ,耐药率高 ,抗结核治疗疗效差。
Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of community-acquired fast-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods A total of 3 907 positive sputum acid-fast bacilli cultures from January 1986 to January 1997 were enrolled in this study. 58 cases of fast-growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium tuberculosis confirmed by mycobacteria were retrospectively analyzed. Results According to the Runyon classification, 38 cases of type IV incidental mycobacteria and 20 cases of mycobacterium chelchii were infected. 39 males and 17 females, duration of 8 to 40 years. The main symptoms of cough, cough white phlegm, hemoptysis, fever. X-ray chest involved 60.3% on both sides, the left 24 1%, the right 1 5.5%. Resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol, rifampin, p-aminosalicylic acid and prothionamide is relatively high, and kanamycin resistance is relatively low. Conclusion The rapid growth of non-tuberculous mycobacterium tuberculosis has a long course of disease, the symptoms are not specific, the drug resistance rate is high, and the curative effect of anti-tuberculosis therapy is poor.