日本国有铁路营业里程为二万多公里,其中三分之一,即七千七百公里位于日降雪量为八十厘米的大雪区。在这些地区,每年冬季铁路运输得不到保证:事故接续不断,列车晚点、停运层出不穷,仅一九七六年冬季就发生列车脱轨十三次,雪崩一百九十八起,被迫停运列车二万九千列,停运里程达五百多万公里。据一九七七年统计,日本国铁受当年雪害影 Japan’s state-owned railway has an operating mileage of over 20,000 kilometers, of which one third, or 7,700 kilometers, is located in a heavy snowfall area with a snowfall of 80 centimeters. In these areas, every year winter rail transport can not be guaranteed: Continued accidents, late trains, and an endless stream of unmanned air transport have occurred. In the winter of 1976 alone, a train derailed thirteen times, avalanches of 198 and forced to stop Transport train twenty-nine thousand, outage mileage of more than five million kilometers. According to statistics in 1977, Japan’s railways suffered heavy snowfall in the year