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目的通过调查深圳市宝安区劳务工对心理卫生知识的掌握情况,为开展劳务工心理卫生工作提供参考。方法自编心理卫生知识调查问卷,在深圳市宝安区劳务工中开展调查并进行分析。结果宝安区劳务工最熟知的3种精神障碍依次是精神分裂症、抑郁症和焦虑症(88.8%、71.0%和43.6%);总体来讲,受教育程度越高,对精神障碍名称的认知程度越高(χ2=57.859,P<0.001)。对于抑郁症和精神分裂症常见表现,学历越高,认知程度越高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=58.199,P<0.001;χ2=18.902,P<0.001)。对心理问题或精神疾病的首选建议是精神科/心理科专科治疗(75.3%);然而知晓在该市或该区“到哪里看心理医生”的比例分别为15.2%和5.3%。结论有必要对劳务工群体(尤其是学历较低者)加强有针对性的心理健康知识普及教育。
Objective To investigate the mastery of mental health knowledge of labor workers in Bao’an District, Shenzhen, and to provide reference for carrying out psychological health work in labor force. Methods Self-compiled questionnaire of mental health knowledge, carried out in Bao’an District, Shenzhen labor service survey and analysis. Results The three most well-known mental disorders among workers in Bao’an District were schizophrenia, depression and anxiety (88.8%, 71.0% and 43.6%, respectively). In general, the higher the level of education, the recognition of the names of mental disorders The higher degree of knowledge (χ2 = 57.859, P <0.001). For depression and schizophrenia common manifestations, higher education, higher cognitive level, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 58.199, P <0.001; χ2 = 18.902, P <0.001). The preferred recommendation for psychological problems or mental illness was psychiatric / psychiatric specialist treatment (75.3%); however, knowledge of 15.2% and 5.3% for “where to see a psychiatrist” was in the city or district. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen targeted popularization education of mental health knowledge to the laborer groups (especially the lower education level).