Objective: To find out the effect of ethanol extract of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (D. aegyptium) on the fertility of male albino rats. Methods: Experimental animals were divided in four groups of six each. Group first received normal saline and served as control. The second, third and fourth groups of animals were administered with ethanolic extract of D. aegyptium extract at a dose of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight respectively for a period of 30 days. Results: A non significant increase in the bodyweight and a significant decrease in weight of testes, accessory sex organs, and reduction in sperm count, increase motility and abnormality were observed. Some serum biochemical parameters showed significant variations and were as the serum hormonal levels are significantly decreased. Conclusions: The decreased levels of sperm count, weight of reproductive organs, serum hormonal levels and number of implantations in female rats reveals the antifertility activity of D. aegyptium and it was with dose dependent manner.