论文部分内容阅读
2009年5—7月,对烟台套子湾缘管浒苔绿潮发生海域进行6个航次监测,同时监测了6个主要陆源入海口。结果表明:缘管浒苔生物量与无机氮含量极显著正相关(r=0.928,p<0.01),与活性磷酸盐含量显著正相关(r=0.888,p<0.05)。无机氮、活性磷酸盐和COD在绿潮生长期间经历了快速下降和缓慢回升过程,硅酸盐则一直缓慢增加,pH值基本维持在8.1。缘管浒苔大量消耗营养盐,特别是在过量繁殖时期,海区营养盐大幅下降,呈贫营养化状态。此外,藻体过量繁殖抑制了浮游植物生长,叶绿素a明显偏低。藻体死亡后,异养细菌数量急剧增加。通过调查发现,适宜水文气象条件及陆源入海口附近较高的营养盐含量是缘管浒苔过量繁殖形成绿潮的重要诱因;优良的固着场所和多样化繁殖方式也为其过量增殖提供了必要条件。加强监测,及时打捞和采取科学合理的应对措施将有效抑制绿潮带来的危害。
From May to July in 2009, six voyages were monitored over the sea area of the Enteromorpha prolifera in Yantai, and six main land-sourced estuaries were monitored. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.928, p <0.01) between the biomass of Enteromorpha prolifera and inorganic nitrogen, which was positively correlated with active phosphate (r = 0.888, p <0.05). Inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and COD experienced rapid decline and slow recovery during the growth of green tide. Silicate increased slowly and maintained at pH 8.1. Edge tube Enteromorpha consume a lot of nutrients, especially in the period of over-breeding, sea nutrients dropped significantly, was eutrophication state. In addition, overproduction of algal cells inhibited the growth of phytoplankton, chlorophyll a was significantly lower. After the algal body dies, the number of heterotrophic bacteria increases sharply. According to the investigation, it is found that suitable hydrometeorological conditions and higher nutrient content near the sea inlet of the land-source are the important inducing factors of overgrowth of Enteromorpha prolifera to form a green tide; excellent anchoring sites and diversified breeding modes also provide necessary for overproduction condition. Strengthening monitoring, timely salvage and adopting scientific and reasonable countermeasures will effectively restrain the harm caused by green tide.