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以不同壁厚的矩形试样为研究对象,运用正交试验设计,研究了壁厚、浇注温度、模具温度、挤压速度对挤压铸造AZ91D镁合金流动性影响规律。试验结果表明:对壁厚为1 mm、2 mm、3 mm试样的流动性影响最大的因素是浇注温度,对4 mm试样则是模具温度。当浇注温度在700℃到750℃变化时,增加浇注温度对提高AZ91D镁合金的流动性是有利的;对厚壁铸件(3 mm和4 mm)通过提高模具温度而增加镁合金的充型能力是非常有效的;增加挤压速度对薄壁试样的流动性影响不是很明显,但是随着试样壁厚的增加,影响逐渐增大。试验结果也表明,挤压铸造工艺不适合于生产壁厚小于3 mm的镁合金铸件,否则难以得到轮廓清晰的完整铸件。
Using rectangular specimens with different wall thicknesses as the research object, the effects of wall thickness, pouring temperature, mold temperature and extrusion speed on the flowability of squeeze cast AZ91D magnesium alloy were studied by orthogonal experimental design. The test results show that the pouring temperature is the most influential factor on the fluidity of 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm wall thickness samples, and the mold temperature for 4 mm samples. When the pouring temperature is varied from 700 ℃ to 750 ℃, increasing the pouring temperature is beneficial to improve the flowability of AZ91D magnesium alloy. For thick castings (3 mm and 4 mm), the filling capacity of magnesium alloy is increased by increasing the mold temperature Is very effective; the influence of extrusion speed on the fluidity of the thin-walled sample is not obvious, but with the increase of the sample wall thickness, the influence is gradually increased. The test results also show that the extrusion casting process is not suitable for the production of magnesium alloy castings with a wall thickness of less than 3 mm, otherwise it is difficult to obtain a complete casting with a clear outline.