近年发现,空肠弯曲杆菌和肠炎耶氏菌是肠道感染的重要原因,本文综述有关它们的全面的知识。关于沙门氏菌病(包括伤寒)和志贺氏菌病,人们所知甚多,本文仅介绍有关它们的新的和重要的资料。空肠弯曲杆菌性肠炎1954年,已经有人怀疑空肠弯曲杆菌是急性肠炎的病原,直到1972年,在比利时才第1次显示它是腹泻的常见原因。以后,在澳大利亚、加拿大、荷兰、瑞典、英国和美国相继报告,5～14%腹泻者和不到1%的无症状者中可分离到弯曲杆菌。大多数资料来自发达国家,虽然弯曲杆菌在世界上的分布尚在测定中,但在卢旺达、南非和扎伊尔 In recent years, Campylobacter jejuni and Enteritis enteritidis have been found to be important causes of intestinal infections. This article reviews general knowledge about them. There are many known about Salmonellosis (including typhoid fever) and Shigella, and this article describes only new and important information about them. Campylobacter jejuni enteritis In 1954, Campylobacter jejuni was suspected to have been the causative agent of acute enteritis, and it was first shown in Belgium in 1972 that it was a common cause of diarrhea. Later, Campylobacter was isolated in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States in 5-14% of diarrhea patients and less than 1% of asymptomatic individuals. Most of the information comes from developed countries. Although the distribution of Campylobacter is still in the world, in Rwanda, South Africa and Zaire