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目的了解蔬菜大棚中老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾患的患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方式选择山东省寿光市主要大棚种植区的菜农进行问卷调查。采用检验和多因素Logistic回归分析的统计方法分析影响中老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾患发生的因素。结果蔬菜大棚中老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾病患病率为84.62%,中老年菜农前3位疾患依次为下背部(65.71%)、膝关节(50.85%)、颈部(25.85%)。检验结果显示,共有14个因素与蔬菜大棚中老年菜农MSDs有关。多因素Logistic回归分析结果发现,性别女性(OR=1.865,95%CI:1.275~2.725)、从事大棚种植≥20年(OR=1.718,95%CI:1.135~2.598)、长时间站立工作(OR=2.274,95%CI:1.004~5.150)、长时间跪着工作(OR=1.702,95%CI:1.060~2.735)、常转身搬举重物(OR=1.789,95%CI:1.165~2.747)、种植面积≥1 200m2(OR=1.645,95%CI:1.122~2.413)与老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾患的发生有关。结论蔬菜大棚中老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾患的患病率较高,性别女性、从事大棚种植时间≥20年、长时间跪着工作、常转身搬举重物、种植面积≥1 200m2是蔬菜大棚中老年菜农肌肉骨骼疾患的主要危险因素。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of musculoskeletal disorders in vegetable greenhouse in old people. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to select vegetable farmers in the main greenhouses in Shouguang City, Shandong Province for questionnaire survey. The factors influencing the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in middle-aged and senior citizens were analyzed by means of statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases was 84.62% in vegetable greenhouse. The top three diseases of middle aged and old vegetable farmers were lower back (65.71%), knee (50.85%) and neck (25.85%). Test results show that a total of 14 factors and vegetables in the greenhouse farmers MSDs related. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR = 1.865, 95% CI: 1.275-2.725) had a ≥ 20 years of plantation (OR = 1.718, 95% CI: 1.135-2.598) = 2.274, 95% CI: 1.004-5.50), kneeling for a long time (OR = 1.702, 95% CI: 1.060-2.735), often turning heavy objects (OR = 1.789,95% CI: 1.165-2.747) Planting area ≥1 200m2 (OR = 1.645, 95% CI: 1.122-2.413) was associated with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders in the agronomist. Conclusion The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among vegetable growers in vegetable greenhouses is higher than that of female workers. When working in greenhouses for more than 20 years, they often work on knees for a long time and often move heavy objects. The planting area is more than 1,200m2. The main risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders.