认真反思20世纪的社会主义运动,通过列宁、斯大林、毛泽东、邓小平等关于如何坚持和建设社会主义理论的比较分析,得出如下结论:首先,坚持和建设社会主义必须以马克思主义为指导;其次,社会主义必须以高度发展的生产力为基础,不断提高人民群众的物质文化生活水平;再次,坚持社会主义必须坚持马克思主义执政党的核心地位,不断加强和改善党的领导。 Through the comparative analysis of Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping on how to uphold and build the socialist theory, I came to the conclusion as follows: First of all, we must insist on and build socialism under the guidance of Marxism. Second, . Socialism must be based on a highly developed productive force and continuously improve the material and cultural life of the people. Thirdly, we must uphold socialism as the core position of the ruling party of Marxism and continuously strengthen and improve the party’s leadership.